Quickie – Installing Sophos Home on OS X Sierra

You may often hear that Mac’s just don’t get virus’s. Or that there are no known malware ‘in the wild’ that effect Mac’s. While this may or may not have been true at one time ( The caveat ‘in the wild’ makes that statement suspect, as it is acknowledging that someone, somewhere is probably developing some.).

Doing a simple Google  search, I was able to find a list of 51 pieces of malware targeting OS X. (Link to list by clicking here.) So while this number is nowhere near as large as what is present in the Windows world it is NOT 0. So knowing that there is malware out there and the predominant attitude is that our OS X workstations do not get malware. I would say we are actually more vulnerable than our Windows brethren.

it is ALWAYS best practice to install an antimalware application on your computer. Regardless if you are running OS X, Windows, or Linux.

Sophos offers a free anti-malware product called, Sophos Home for free. You simply need to sign up for the free account and download the installer. There is however one catch that I discovered while trying to install on OS X Sierra. The installer would exit with the following error.

I was able to find a workaround on the Sophos support forums.

1) Go to the location you downloaded Sophos Home – ie ~/Downloads /SophosInstall
2) Right click on the Sophos Installer Package 
a. Select “Show Package Contents” 
3) Go to ./Contents/MacOS/
4) Double Click Installer

Sophos will now install normally.

Once installed I recommend performing a full scan by clicking on the Sophos Icon in your menu bar, clicking on Open Sophos Home then click the Scan Now button.

Thanks for reading my blog, and safe computing. Please come back next month for our next technical post! If you wish to be notified by email of new posts please register for a free account. You may also want to check out our forums at www.catracing.org/hendrb/forum.

Fun With OS X

– Installing BASH 4 on OS X using Home Brew 

        If you have spent any time using LINUX or even other Unix variants like Solaris, you are already painfully aware of the differences that exist in various shells, commands, and utilities.  One of the more striking differences is that Apple continues to include BASH v.3.2.57 which is about 8 years old and does not support some very import features of v4 such as associative arrays and a myriad of additional types of command completion.  For a full list of BASH 4 changes click HERE. (Replace HERE with this LINK https://www.admon.org/scripts/new-features-in-bash-4-0/).  The reason that Apple does not include a newer version of BASH is that BASH4 is now under the GPL3 license, and does not conform to Apples copyright philosophy. However this does not stop you from installing it yourself.

  There are several ways to install BASH 4 on your Mac, including compiling from source if you are feeling masochistic.  The method that I used, installing the Home Brew repository will be covered in this tutorial.

  Part I – Installing the Homebrew repository.

  If you use Linux, you are already familiar with a software repository, and package management software.  Red Hat and CentOS uses yum and rpm, while Unbunto Linux uses apt-get or Synaptic.  For us OS X users, the only software respository most of us are familiar with is the App store, which allows us to purchase, install software and manage their updates.  Homebrew is basically an App Store for software packages created, compiled, and maintained by the community and are free of charge.  This is where we will be obtaining BASH version 4.  We first though must install XCode Command Line Tools (CLT), and Homebrew.

 For detailed instructions to installing Homebrew, go to brew.sh

1. Launch your terminal

 2. Copy and paste the shell command on the home page into your terminal window at the shell prompt.
    This will automatically install XCode Command Like Tools, and the homebrew repository.
 3. Once installed test by typing man brew in your terminal window.

Man entry for brew

Part II – Installing BASH 4

  1. In your shell window switch to an account with elevated privledges, brew will not execute being run using sudo

     $ su – <priledged username>5

Then type.

      $ brew install bash bash-completion

This will install both BASH 4 and BASH completion in /usr/local/bin/base

  2. We now need to add the new shell to the list of whitelisted shells, this is done in the /etc/shells file.

      $ echo “$(brew --prefix)/bin/bash” >> /etc/shells

 3. OPTIONAL Change your login shell to BASH4

       $ chsh –s $(brew --prefix)/bin/bash

NOTE:  I chose to leave my login shell at BASH3, as BASH4 can be invoked in the shebang #! at the beginning of any BASH4 script.   Here are some other personal tweaks I did for my BASH4 installation.

I created a symbolic link for /bin/bash4 to /usr/local/bin/bash.  That way I can execute BASH v4 scripts using #!/bin/bash4.

I did this by typing the following 

       $ ln -s /usr/local/bin/bash /bin/bash4

You can see that bash4 is a link to /usr/local/bin/bash

I can change to BASH4 from any shell in this manner.

            $ /bin/bash4

I can re-execute the login script next by entering the following command.

            $ source /etc/profile

PART III – BASH Version checking in login scripts.

  I also added a BASH version checking routine to be placed in /etc/profile (Login script that is executed when opening a terminal window for ALL USERS).

You may want to consider adding this to your profile script.

     3  ## BASH3 .profile (Put ALL BASH3 specific code here)
     4  function bash3 {
     5  echo -e “\nUsing BASH 3 Specific and Version Neutral login profile\n” 
     6  }
     7 
     8  ## BASH4 .profile (Pull ALL BASH4 specific code here)
     9  function bash4 {
     10  echo -e “\nUsing BASH 4 Specific and Version Neutral login profile\n”
      11  }
      12 
      13  # Default BASH version checking
      14 
      15          if (( ${BASH_VERSION%%.*} > 3 ))
      16                  then 
      17                          bash4
      18                  else    
      19                          bash3
      20      fi
      21 
      22  ## PUT ALL VERSION NEUTRAL BASH SCRIPTS BELOW THIS LINE!

That is all there is to installing BASH4 in OSX.  I hope you enjoyed the tutorial will keep returning to Brent’s world for more great articles!

Is The Mac The Amiga Of Today – Part II

 Back in July of 2015, I wrote a technical op-ed piece comparing the Macintosh with the Commodore Amiga, contrasting their technical strengths, marketing strategies and popularity with the creative crown.  In hind sight knowing what happened to the Commodore Amiga; I am not sure it is fair to use the words marketing and Amiga in the same sentence. After looking at Apples latest offerings from the WWDC (World Wide Developers Conference),  I am beginning to wonder if my post was just a little too prophetic.

2 years later let us draw some more similarities between the two companies, and what now seems eerily similar in that it appears Apple may be poised to take a page right out of Commodore’s managements playbook.  The ability to “Snatch defeat from the jaws of victory.”

Let’s start out by recognizing that with the Amiga; Commodore had a potential winner on their hands!  In 1995 they had a 7MHz desktop computer that could display high resolution graphics, displaying 16 colors out of a palette of 4096.  4 voice digital audio, and a preemptive multitasking operating system.  At the time the best the Macintosh could do was 2 colors on a built in 9 inch screen.  The Macintosh II would not be released for another 2 years, to finally bring color to the Macintosh line, Apple was able to somewhat fill the gap with the Apple IIGS.  However, this was still an 8bit computer, which Apple further crippled so it would not directly compete directly with the Macintosh.

Due to the fact that the Amiga used a standard NTCS / PAL output and had the capability to genlock (Display computer generated graphics and text over a standard TV signal)  Video production and TV studios went with the Commodore Amiga for their video production.  Sales of the Amiga did not fully hit their stride with consumers however until the release of the Amgia 500, which was snapped up as an inexpensive home/gaming computer, with hit titles such as Lemmings, or Shadow Of The Beast appearing first on the Amiga before being ported to the PC, Atari, or even console games at the time such as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or Sega. 

Commodores problem however was that even with their past successes in the home computer market coupled with the strengths of the Amiga management never really could figure out just what the Amiga was, who it should be targeted at, and most importantly where the product line should go to make it successful in the future.  Commodore did release milestone updates to the Amiga, such as the A3000, which was the first true 32 bit Amiga, which was followed by the 1200, and 4000 which brought the AGA chipset.  Capable of displaying 14bit video to the Amiga and gave the user the ability to display 256 colors on the screen at one time with a palette of 16.8 million colors.  However by this time VGA and SVGA were already pretty much standard on the PCs being release and could do more for less money.  Many saw this as too little too late and jumped ship.  Commodore was a sinking ship and finally closed their doors in 1994.

If you know your Commodore history, you know I left out a very important Amiga model.  The Amiga 600.  Here is where we start drawing comparisons to the last days of Commodore and the current Apple line up.

The Amiga 600, originally started out as the proposed Amgia 300.  It was supposed to be cheaper to product then the Amiga 500 (which at the time was the top selling Amiga computer.), and while it included the ability to add a built in hard drive, came standard with Amiga OS 2.0, and had a PCMCIA slot for the addition of extra RAM, modem, or network card.  It lacked a numerical keypad, ran slightly slower, and ended up costing more than the 500 and 500+ that it eventually replaced when released as the Amiga 600.  Commodore once again proved it could not sell igloo’s to the eskimos, and snatched defeat from the jaws of victory.

Now let’s take a look at Apple.  Oh were to begin?

I could lament over their decision to kill the xServe line, which led to their discontinuing the XRaid, which led to OS X Server becoming a dumbed down $20 consumer ad-on.  However, as this is probably one of Apple’s most niche we can more on in favor of getting into the meat and potatoes.

Ports and Peripherals –

Firewire, conventional USB ports, CD/DVD-Rom drives, and  SD-Card slots.  As I mentioned in my original article, I felt that one of the things Apple did right with the release of the iMac and the remarketing of the Macintosh for the creative users and professionals the Commodore failed when the Amiga took of in this realm was not only their choice of connection technologies but their close relation to third party vendors such as Canon or Sony, so that we were able to go out buy a Macintosh and a Sony camcorder and come right home and start editing our video.   When it came time to share the video we could burn it right to a DVD and mail it off to our relatives. 

While ejecting the SD or CFAST card from my camera to transfer my pictures to my computer, regardless of if I am at home or on the road is not part of my workflow,  I simply plug my camera into my computer via USB to transfer my files, it is part of the workflow of many professionals.

Over the last 8 years, Apple has done away with almost every port and peripheral mentioned above, yes even conventional USB.  While a few of these we have grown used to not having, such as Firewire, and optical drives.  I have a IEEE1394 card in my PC in case I ever need to get something off of one of my old Camcorder tapes,  You don’t always need an optical drive, but they are nice to have on occasion!  Others such as the removal of the SD-Card reader, and conventional USB ports are potentially a show stopper for your professionals.  Going back to Apple’s relationship with vendors,  I just upgraded to a Canon EOS 5D MKIV, which comes with their own proprietary USB cable.  Pondering the scenario of upgrading my aging 2010 Macbook Pro with a current model with USB-C, I GOOGLED Canon EOS 5D MKIV USB-C data cable and came up with ZILCH!  Nothing! 

This means that to transfer pictures from my brand new camera to a brand new Macbook Pro, I need to remember to carry around a separate dongle,  but more on dongles later.  It is discouraging to see Apple forgetting that cooperating with the companies that are going to be making products that will interface with your computers is a selling point, and makes things easier down the road for your consumers, and professional users.

Hardware

Desktops – I want an expandable desktop, not a Mac Mini plus

Apple!  PLEASE, as a former cheese grater Mac Pro user, I am begging you to bring back a full desktop to your Macintosh line!  There were so many advantages to the original Mac Pro, for instance.  its expandability which saw me go through 3 versions of video cards, and from it’s original 4GB to 16GBs of RAM.  Desktops are more clutter free.  I loved the ability to have 4 hard drives without having to keep either a 4 bay or multiple external drive enclouse on my desk, each with their own data cable and power cord, not to mention the fact that I could have any one of the 4 drives a bootable boot camp device.  Something you cannot do with the current Mac Pro.  Apple traded form over function and expandability with its current Mac Pro, and has let it sit stagnant for 3 years. 

Current Macbook Pro – “It just works!  If you remembered your dongle.”

This I already touched upon in the last section, but there are so many things for a PRO not to like with the current interation of Macbok Pro’s.  First let’s start out with the ports.  4 USB-C ports and a headphone jack?  Is this your way of giving the bird to those who complained about the removal of our beloved 3.5mm jack in the iPhone7?  I just don’t get it.  Considering the fact that one of the ports must be used as a charging cable, thay leaves me with just 3 ports.  Which being USB-C I also have to bring along adaptors to plug in things like my camera, charge my iPhone, or even plug in a USB media stick.  For those that also use their Macbook Pro’s as desktop.  That leaves them with 1 free USB-C port after plugging in the power adapter and 2 displays.  On my current 2010 Macbook PRO, I could have my power adaptor plugged in, using an external monitor, have an external hard drive connected via Firewire 800, Wired to my LAN, transferring pictures via my SD Card slot, and still have one legacy USB port free!  The only dongle I would have to use is the Video Port to HDMI dongle. 

Oh did I also forget to mention that I can upgrade the RAM from 4GB to 8GB (The 2011 models you can upgrade to 16GB).  Another feature stripped from the current models. 

Even with the inclusions of the new touch strip, which looks like it will be a really cool feature, Apple is trading too much form over functionality to be considered as a professional option any more.  Which is too bad considering Apple still has one of the best portable form factors in mobile computing.

Software

Now let’s take a look at the other side of the house, because this has been another strength in product placement and product homogeny that has given Apple an edge over its competition,  and yet again another reason that Apple is snatching defeat from the jaws of victory, just like Commodore .

OS X – Unreasonable and arbitrary obsolescence of hardware. 

Okay Apple, while I understand why OS X Sierra might not be functionally useable of a first generation intel Macbook, I fail to see the reason why it won’t run on say an 8 Core 3.0GHz Mac Pro from 2008, with 16GB of RAM, and 1GB of VRAM.  For the record my Mac Pro died 2 years ago, so I am just using the specs above as an example, not as a display of bitterness.  That is more than enough horsepower to run almost anything you can throw at it, so why is it unsupported hardware for your current OS?  It makes no sense.  It also made me decide not to repair my Mac Pro.  Since I do not want to get another all in one Mac like an iMac, the Mac Mini is not powerful enough for my needs, and I feel the current Mac Pro is a joke I have been using Windows 7 for the past year. 

Aperture –  Apple what the bloody hell were you thinking? 

You were the company who INVENTED professional photo workflow on a computer!  To discontinue the product and give your customers the option of using the consumer grade product Photo or move to Adobe Lightroom is laughably pathetic! 

Final Cut Pro X – It needs to be more like iMovie.

I am not a professional videographer, so there really is not much I can add to this that has not been discussed ad nauseam elsewhere on the internet, just another example of Apple grasping defeat from the jaws of victory, though this product is still alive somewhat.  Who knows maybe next month Apple will kill this one, and expect everyone to use iMovie.

As this has already become one of my longest articles to date, it is time to wrap this up.  It has been a wild is not somber ride for the past 5 years following Steve Jobs death.  As I watch Apple making more an more mistakes and replace more and more of their products with ones from their competitors.  I cannot help but feel that history is repeating itself and I am once again finding myself comparing the Apple, with Commodore Business machines.  Pretty much who’s computers were cutting edge, and loved by many, and in their prime were the masters of their own downfall, due to development delays, poor management, and marketing blunders snatched defeat from the jaws of victory.  I hope I don’t have a write a third article, proclaiming that in the end, “The Mac Was The Amiga Of Today, as Apple Decides To No Longer Manufacture Computers.”

To read the original “Is The Mac The Amiga Of Today” click HERE!